Biology is the branch of science that primarily deals with the structure, function, growth, evolution, and distribution of organisms. It’s a methodological study of life and living things.
Biology is the scientific study of life. It spans multiple levels, from biomolecules and cells to organisms and populations12. All living things share common biological phenomena, such as reproduction, cell division, and the transmission of genetic material.
Clostridium tetani The bacteria that causes tetanus, a dangerous condition that affects the nervous system, is Clostridium tetani. Tetanus bacteria can enter the body through cuts, wounds, or puncture injuries. They are frequently found in soil, dust, and animal faces.The bacteria Clostridium tetani is responsible for the deadly illness tetanus. Under a microscope, it appears […]
Haemophilus parainfluenzae is a pleomorphic rod that is positive for both catalase and oxidase and is Gram-negative. For growth, it needs V factor (NAD), but not X factor (hemin). On horse blood agar, it ferments glucose and sucrose but not lactose, lowers nitrate, and is non-hemolytic. When it comes to indole synthesis, the organism often
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that can cause significant gastrointestinal diseases such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. The identification and characterization of C. difficile often involve several biochemical tests. It (C. difficile) bacteria that is spore-forming, anaerobic, Gram-positive, and a major contributor to illnesses linked to healthcare (HAIs). It
Enterobacter aerogenes is a Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive rod that is motile and capable of fermenting lactose and glucose (with gas production). It tests positive for Voges-Proskauer and citrate utilization but negative for indole production, methyl red, urease, and hydrogen sulfide production. These biochemical characteristics help distinguish Enterobacter aerogenes from other Enterobacteriaceae. Definition of Enterobacter aerogenes
Bile solubility test is a biochemical experiment used to distinguish Streptococcus pneumoniae from other alpha-hemolytic streptococci. It is based on the idea that bile salts (e.g., sodium deoxycholate) lyse S. pneumoniae cells by activating an autolytic enzyme, while other alpha-hemolytic streptococci are unaffected and remain intact. What is Bile Solubility Test ? Bile solubility test is
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Biochemical tests are used to identify Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus by analyzing its metabolic properties. These tests can help differentiate it from other Campylobacter species and subspecies. However, it’s important to note that biochemical tests for C. fetus subsp. fetus have limitations and should ideally be used in conjunction with other methods for definitive identification.
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Brucella melitensis Within the genus Brucella, there exists a species of Gram-negative bacteria called Brucella melitensis. The virus in question is facultative intracellular and is responsible for brucellosis, a zoonotic infectious disease that predominantly affects animals but can potentially infect people and cause a crippling fever. Goats and sheep are the main animals that are
The immune system is a complex network of cells and chemicals that work together to protect the body from infection and disease. Antigen and antibody are crucial to this defense process, serving unique but complementary functions. Antigen vs Antibody comparisons highlight the differences between these two critical components. Antigens are foreign molecules, usually proteins or
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The Gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis is the source of whooping cough, a highly dangerous respiratory illness. It mainly affects newborns and young children and is spread by respiratory droplets. When B. pertussis infects the respiratory system, it causes symptoms like inspiratory whoops, paroxysmal coughing, and post-tussive vomiting. Given the risk of serious consequences, especially in
Biochemical Test a widespread Gram-positive, non-motile, anaerobic bacteria in both human and animal digestive tracts is Bifidobacterium bifidum. Many biochemical assays are used to identify Bifidobacterium bifidum, some of which are specific to its special metabolic properties. bifidum, a series of biochemical tests are employed. These tests include Gram staining, which confirms its gram-positive nature,
