Author name: Sakar

Bioprocess Calculations

Bioprocess Calculations

Basic Concept of Bioprocess Calculations Bioprocess calculations are mathematical techniques that help optimize and manage biological processes. Bioprocess calculations are the quantitative analysis and manipulation of numerous physical and biological factors in bioprocessing. These calculations are critical for optimizing processes like fermentation, cell culture, and product recovery, ensuring that biological products are produced efficiently and […]

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M.Sc. Botany Course Syllabus

M.Sc. Botany Course Syllabus

An M.Sc. in Botany, or Master of Science in Botany, is a postgraduate degree program that delves deeper into the scientific study of plants. The student should be proficient in research methodologies, data analysis, and scientific writing. Practical experience in fieldwork, laboratory work, and plant tissue culture is crucial. Staying updated with the latest botanical

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M.TECH. (Biochemical Engineering) Subject List

M.TECH. (Biochemical Engineering) Subject List

M. Tech in Biochemical Engineering is a postgraduate program that explores the application of engineering principles to biological systems and processes. The aim of M. Tech in Biochemical Engineering is to develop innovative solutions for various industries, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, food processing, and environmental engineering. Biochemical Engineering combines insights from biology, chemistry, and engineering, focusing

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M.TECH. (BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING) COURSE SYALLABUS

M.Tech. (BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING) Course Syllabus

M.Tech in Biochemical Engineering is a postgraduate program that explores the application of engineering principles to biological systems and processes. The aim of M.Tech in Biochemical Engineering is to develop innovative solutions for various industries, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, food processing, and environmental engineering. Biochemical Engineering combines insights from biology, chemistry, and engineering, focusing on the

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Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) or hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt

Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)/Hexose onophosphate (HMP) sunt

Introduction The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), also called the hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt, is an important process in our cells that changes glucose, a common sugar, into essential parts that our bodies need. This pathway makes NADPH, which helps protect our cells from harm, and ribose-5-phosphate, which is necessary for building DNA and RNA. Learning

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Simple staining technique

Simple staining technique

Introduction Simple staining is a fundamental method in microbiology that is used to color bacteria, making them more apparent when viewed under a microscope. In contrast to more intricate staining techniques (such as Gram staining), simple staining utilizes just a single dye to emphasize bacterial cells, facilitating the observation of their shape, size, and arrangement.

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Acid-Fast Staining (Ziehl-Neelsen Technique)

Acid-Fast Staining (Ziehl-Neelsen Technique)

Introduction Acid-fast staining, known as the Ziehl-Neelsen method, is a laboratory technique employed to detect bacteria that possess a waxy cell wall. This waxy coating makes it difficult to stain these bacteria using standard techniques. The bacteria most frequently requiring this technique are Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the agent of tuberculosis) and Mycobacterium leprae (the agent of

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