Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps it throughout the body. It is a vital indicator used to determine cardiovascular health. It is usually measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and expressed as two numbers: systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. The systolic pressure (the higher […]
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Brilliant Green Agar (BGA) is a specialized culture medium widely used in microbiology, particularly for isolating and identifying Salmonella species (except S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi). Its distinct composition and features make it an invaluable resource in clinical and food microbiology contexts. What is Brilliant Green Agar ? BGA is a selective medium primarily used for
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Budding is a remarkable type of asexual reproduction found in a variety of creatures, including certain plants and hydra. It enables these organisms to reproduce without the requirement for fertilization, producing offspring that are genetically identical to their parent. This technique of reproduction is efficient and has various distinguishing features and ramifications for the survival
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Active immunity is a type of adaptive immunity in which the immune system produces antibodies and memory cells after being exposed to a disease-causing pathogen. This process can happen spontaneously when a person contracts a pathogen, or it can be induced intentionally by vaccination. It is characterized by the involvement of the immune system, which
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The Acid Fast Stain is a scientific method for identifying acid-fast microorganisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The theory behind this stain is based on particular bacteria’s capacity to maintain a red dye known as carbol fuchsin even after being treated to an acid-alcohol decolorizer. What is Acid Fast Stain? The Acid Fast Stain, commonly known
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Aerobic Respiration Aerobic respiration is a metabolic process that takes place in the presence of oxygen and involves the breakdown of organic molecules, mainly glucose, to release energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), CO2, and water. Most eukaryotic species rely on this very efficient mechanism for energy generation. Example: Human Cells (such as
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Organisms are living being with an ordered structure that can respond to stimuli, reproduce, develop, adapt, and maintain homeostasis. They may be found in a variety of habitats and serve an important part in preserving the natural equilibrium. Each creature has distinct traits and adaptations that enable it survive and thrive in its specialized environment.
Aspergillus niger is a filamentous fungus found throughout nature, notably in soil and decomposing organic waste. It belongs to the Aspergillus genus and is distinguished by its black conidial heads. Aspergillus niger is well-known for its industrial and biotechnological uses, but it is also a prevalent food and indoor contamination source. This overview delves into
Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction of matter and electromagnetic radiation to examine and identify substances based on their distinct spectral patterns. It entails determining how much light is absorbed by a chemical compound and at what intensity it goes through. They are determined by evaluating the radiant energy absorbed or emitted by the
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RNA, also known as ribonucleic acid, is a nucleotide polymer composed of ribose sugar, phosphate, and bases such as adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. Different Types of RNA RNA polymerase produces RNA from DNA that is either protein-coding (messenger RNA, mRNA) or non-coding (RNA genes). Because of their functionalities, they are classified into following types
